Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values. Python divides the operators in the following groups:
Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:
| Operator | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|
+ |
Addition | x + y |
- |
Subtraction | x - y |
* |
Multiplication | x * y |
/ |
Division | x / y |
% |
Modulus | x % y |
** |
Exponentiation | x ** y |
// |
Floor division | x // y |
x = 5 y = 2print(x % y) # Remainder print(x ** y) # 5 to the power of 2
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
= : x = 5+= : x += 3 (same as x = x + 3)-= : x -= 3 (same as x = x - 3)*= : x *= 3 (same as x = x * 3)Comparison operators are used to compare two values. They return a boolean value (True or False).
| Operator | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|
== |
Equal | x == y |
!= |
Not equal | x != y |
> |
Greater than | x > y |
< |
Less than | x < y |
>= |
Greater than or equal to | x >= y |
<= |
Less than or equal to | x <= y |
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
and |
Returns True if both statements are true | x < 5 and x < 10 |
or |
Returns True if one of the statements is true | x < 5 or x < 4 |
not |
Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true | not(x < 5 and x < 10) |
x = 5 print(x > 3 and x < 10) # True
What does the `//` operator do in Python?